How osu!rank Is Calculated: A Beginner’s GuideIf you’re new to osu! or just trying to understand how ranking works, this guide breaks down the key concepts in straightforward terms. osu!rank is a system that measures a player’s performance and determines leaderboard placement. It’s different from raw accuracy or play count — osu!rank focuses on consistent skill shown through scores, performance points (pp), and map difficulty.
What is osu!rank?
osu!rank is a representation of a player’s competitive standing in osu!, primarily determined by their accumulated performance points (pp). Higher pp generally means a higher global rank. Ranks update as players earn or lose pp from playing maps, improving scores, or being overtaken by others.
Key components that affect osu!rank
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Performance Points (pp)
- pp is the single most important factor for osu!rank.
- Each play on a beatmap yields a pp value based on your score, accuracy, mods used, combo, misses, and map difficulty.
- Only your best plays contribute significantly to your total pp (see “pp weighting” below).
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Beatmap difficulty
- Maps have star ratings; higher star ratings generally yield more pp potential.
- Certain mods (e.g., Hidden, HardRock, Double Time) increase pp by making maps harder.
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Accuracy and score
- High accuracy on a difficult map yields much more pp than similar accuracy on an easy map.
- Full combos and near-perfect plays boost pp considerably.
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Mods and multiplier mechanics
- Mods alter both difficulty and pp. Some mods increase pp potential (e.g., HardRock, Hidden), while others (Relax, Autopilot) disable pp earning.
- Speed mods (Double Time, Nightcore) change timing and can increase pp for skilled players.
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Consistency and play selection
- Frequently playing and improving high-difficulty maps raises your pp ceiling.
- Specializing in certain modes (Standard, Taiko, Catch the Beat, Mania) affects rank within that mode.
How pp is calculated (overview)
The exact pp formula is complex and differs between modes (osu!standard, Taiko, Catch, Mania). In osu!standard, pp calculation considers:
- Aim value: how well you handle cursor movement and jumps.
- Speed value: how well you handle streams and fast sequences.
- Accuracy value: how precise your hit timing is.
- Flashlight/Hidden bonuses and other modifiers.
These components combine (with diminishing returns and multiplicative modifiers) into a single pp value for a play. The final pp for a play increases with map star difficulty, accuracy, and applied score multipliers.
pp weighting and total pp
osu!rank uses a weighted sum of your best plays to calculate your total pp. Key points:
- Only a limited number of top plays are counted fully; lower-ranked plays contribute less due to a decay factor.
- The decay factor reduces the contribution of subsequent plays (for example, the #1 play counts fully, #2 plays are multiplied by ~0.95, #3 by ~0.95^2, and so on — exact decay rates can vary).
- This system rewards having numerous strong plays rather than one exceptional play alone.
Practical tips to raise your osu!rank
- Focus on improving accuracy and getting full combos on higher-star maps.
- Use standard pp-earning mods (Hidden, HardRock) when confident — they increase pp but also increase difficulty.
- Aim to replace lower-value plays in your top list with higher-pp scores; target maps where you can realistically improve.
- Warm up and practice consistent sections of maps (streams, jumps) separately rather than only full runs.
- Watch replays of high-pp players on maps you want to improve on to learn techniques and cursor paths.
Common misconceptions
- “More plays equals higher rank” — Not necessarily. Quality (pp) matters far more than quantity.
- “Only map difficulty matters” — Difficulty helps, but accuracy, combo, and mods are critical multipliers.
- “You need perfect accuracy to earn pp” — High accuracy helps, but excellent aim or speed on a difficult map with slightly lower accuracy can still yield large pp.
Mode differences
- osu!standard: Most complex pp system (aim, speed, accuracy components).
- Taiko: Focuses more on timing and rhythm; fewer aim components.
- Catch the Beat: Difficulty is measured by fruit-catching patterns and movement.
- Mania: Similar to rhythm game scoring; accuracy and note patterns drive pp.
Final notes
- Your osu!rank is primarily determined by your total performance points (pp).
- Improving pp requires a mix of choosing the right maps, using appropriate mods, and consistently increasing accuracy and combo on difficult content.
- Progress can be gradual — small pp gains add up as you replace older, lower-value plays.
If you want, I can:
- Analyze your current top plays and suggest which maps to target, or
- Explain the pp formula for a specific mode in more technical detail.